![]() The ratio of physiologic dead space to tidal volume is usually about 1/3. ![]() Alveolar dead space is the volume of gas within unperfused alveoli (and thus not participating in gas exchange either) it is usually negligible in the healthy, awake patient. Anatomic dead space is the volume of gas within the conducting zone (as opposed to the transitional and respiratory zones) and includes the trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles it is approximately 2 mL/kg in the upright position. Physiologic or total dead space is the sum of anatomic dead space and alveolar dead space. Shunt is perfusion without ventilation and is the other side of the coin to dead space ventilation- see below. Dead space is the volume of a breath that does not participate in gas exchange. Anatomical dead space refers to the air within the respiratory structures that never participates in gas exchange, because it does not reach functional alveoli. The anatomical studies consistently showed that 50 of the dead space exists in extrathoracic upper airways, indicating that the volume of lower conductive. ![]()
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